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String Around a Circle Calculator

Solve the rope around the Earth problem: find the uniform gap from extra string, or the extra length needed for a desired gap.

Uniform gap

0.15915 m

15.92 cm — the original object size does not affect this gap.

Circle measurements

Original radius
6,371 km
New radius
6,371.000159 km
Original diameter
12,742 km
New diameter
12,742.000318 km
Original circumference
40,030.17 km
New circumference
40,030.175 km
Increase in diameter
31.83 cm

Gap enlarged for visibility — diagram not to scale.

String expanded around a circular objectA diameter of 12742 km with 1 m added produces a uniform gap of 0.15915 m. The illustrated gap is enlarged and is not to scale.gapDiameter: 12742 kmExpanded stringExtra: 1 mUniform gap0.15915 mObject surfaceExpanded string
A diameter of 12742 km with 1 m added produces a uniform gap of 0.15915 m. The illustrated gap is enlarged and is not to scale.

Same extra length, same gap

Add the same amount of string around a basketball or around Earth, and the gap will be exactly the same. The object’s size does not matter—only the extra string length does. Here, 1 m of extra string creates a 15.92 cm gap.

BasketballSame gap: 15.92 cm
EarthSame gap: 15.92 cm

Illustrative circle sizes — not to scale.

How the string around a circle formula works

The original circumference is C = 2πr. Adding length L makes the new radius (C + L) ÷ 2π. Subtracting the original radius gives L ÷ 2π, so the object radius cancels completely.

For the classic string around the Earth puzzle, use Earth’s approximate radius of 6,371 km and add 1 m. Adding 1 meter of string creates a uniform gap of about 0.15915 meters, or 15.92 centimeters, everywhere around the equator.

For a sphere such as Earth, the rope follows one great circle, such as the equator. It does not cover the spherical surface.

Assumptions

  • The cross-section is a perfect circle and the string remains centered.
  • The gap is uniform around the entire circle.
  • String thickness, stretching, gravity, and sagging are ignored.

Frequently asked questions

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